张培基英译散文《书的抒情》
张培基英译散文《书的抒情》
书的抒情的作家把自己写的书，送给亲友，献与读者，是最大的愉快。接下来，小编给大家准备了张培基英译散文《书的抒情》,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。
张培基英译散文《书的抒情》
书的抒情
Eulogizing Books
柯灵
Ke Ling
| 译文摘自张培基《英译中国散文选二》
说到书，我很动感情。因为它给我带来温暖，我对它满怀感激。
I always think of books with profound feeling, being deeply indebted to them, as I am, for the warmth they have brought me.
要点：
1，题目“书的抒情“在此不宜直译，通过文章内容，我们可以将其理解为”书赞“译为Eulogizing Books或A Eulogy on Books,简译为On Bookes也是可以的，但缺乏感情色彩，不及前者贴切~
2，“说到书，我很动感情”即“我对书有很深的感情”，故译为I always think of books with profound feeling
3，“因为它给我带来温暖，我对它满怀感激。“译为being deeply indebted to them, as I am, for the warmth they have brought me。英汉差异的原因，英语中表示原因的句子通常后置(如果不是表特殊强调的话~)，这点在英译汉时尤为凸显综述：柯灵的散文一项讲究文字的优美洗脸，他的文章在文字上非常讲究，这点在文章的题目上就可以就看出，因此我们在翻译时，在选词和理解上要尤为注意书是我的恩师。贫穷剥夺了我童年的幸福，把我关在学校大门的外面，是书本敞开它宽厚的胸脯，接纳了我，给我以慷慨的哺育。没有书，就没有我的今天。——也许我早就委身于沟壑。
Books are my beloved teachers. In my childhood, when I was deprived of happiness and schooling by poverty, books took me to their large bosoms and nurtured me generously. It is to them that I owe what I am today. Without them, I would probably have ended up in abject misery long ago.
要点：
1，”贫穷剥夺了我童年的幸福，把我关在学校大门的外面，是书本敞开它宽厚的
胸脯，接纳了我，给我以慷慨的哺育”注意本句在合译时，，将“贫穷剥夺了我童年的
幸福，把我关在学校大门的外面”译为时间状语从句，取“书本”作主语，这种译法很巧
妙地将分句意思串联在了一起，也值得我们学习和借鉴
2，“剥夺了我童年的幸福，把我关在学校大门的外面”译者将其视为一个意思，即“剥夺了我童年的幸福和受教育的机会”，进行合译，译为was deprived of happiness and schooling by poverty
3，“沟壑”本指“溪谷”山沟，常引申指“野死之处”，因此本句意为“死无葬身之处”，
译为would probably have ended up in abject misery，意思是“结局悲惨”
综述：可以借鉴本段的合译技巧~句中出现时间状语，可将时间状语单独拿出来独立作一分句~
书是我的良友。它给我一把金钥匙，诱导我打开浅短的视界、愚昧的头脑、闭塞
的心灵，它从不吝惜对我帮助。
Books are my good friends. They have offered me a golden key to broadening
my horizons and ridding myself of stupidity and ignorance. They spare no efforts to help me.
要点：
1，注意本段词语搭配问题，中文可以说“打开视界，头脑，心灵”但译为英语就要分别找其对应的搭配了~分别为“开拓视野”以及“使我摆脱愚昧和物质”，分别译broad horizon, rid sb of sth
书是我青春期的恋人，中年的知己，暮年的伴侣，有了它，我就不再愁寂寞，不
再怕人情冷暖，世态炎凉。它使我成为精神世界的富翁。我真的是”不可一日无此君”。当我忙完了，累极了;当我愤怒时，苦恼时，我就想亲近它，因为这是一种绝妙的安抚。
Books are my sweethearts in my youth, my bosom friends in my middle age,
and my companions in m y declining years. Accompanied by books, I never feel lonely, nor fear social snobbery or fickleness of the world. They have made a rich
man of me in the inner world. I cannot do without them even for a single day. When I feel tired out after finishing my work, or when I am in a bad mood, I’ll try to get close
to books for comfort ----the best way for me to find spiritual consolation.
要点：
1， make A of B,即“使B成为A”，之前的文章中也见过~
2， inner world 即“内心世界”，“ 人情冷暖”即social snobbery or fickleness of the world
这些都是文学翻译很常见的词~
综述：本段是很出名的一段，译文流畅自然，可以记下来哦
我真愿意成为十足的“书迷”和“书痴”，可惜还不够条件。
Oh, if only I were a confirmed bibliomaniac or bookworm! But, unfortunately, I’m still not fully qualified for one yet!
要点：
1，本句表达了一种不能实现的愿望，故使用了虚拟语气，oh是添加成分，用以加重语气
不知道谁是监狱的始作俑者。剥夺自由，诚然是人世最酷虐的刑法，但如果允许囚人有读书的权利，那还不算是自由的彻底丧失;我对此有惨痛的经验。
I don’t know who was the despicable originator of the prison. Deprivation of freedom is the most savage punishment o n earth for sure, but, as I’ve learned from my own personal bitter experience, if prisoners are permitted the right to read they should not be regarded as totally devoid of freedom.
要点：
1，“监狱的始作俑者”意即“可鄙的监狱创始人”，故译为the despicable originator of the prison
2， for sure即“诚然，毫无疑问”
3， devoid of即“缺乏，没有”，同义词还有lack of
对书的焚毁和禁锢，是最大的愚蠢，十足的野蛮，可怕的历史倒退。当然书本里也有败类，那是瘟疫之神，死亡天使，当与世人共弃之。
Burning or banning books is the height of folly and barbarity, signifying a most horrible retrogression in history.Of course there is also some rubbish among books to be avoided like the plague or Death by all.
要点：
1，“最大的愚蠢，十足的野蛮”译为is the height of folly and barbarity，等于is an act of the greatest folly and barbarity
2,” 那是瘟疫之神，死亡天使，当与世人共弃之”合译时，可按“他们就像瘟疫或死
亡天使，人皆避之”，译为be avoided like the plague or Death by all.
作家把自己写的书，送给亲友，献与读者，是最大的愉快。如果他的书引起共鸣，得到赞美，那就是对他最好的酬谢。在宁静的环境，悠闲的心情中静静地读书，是人
生中最有味的享受。在“”覆亡的前夜，我曾经避开海洋般的冷漠与白眼，每天到龙华
公园读书，拥有自己独立苍茫的世界这是我一个终生难忘的经历。书本是太阳、空气、雨露。我不能设想，没有书的世界是什么样的世界。
It is the greatest pleasure for a writer to present to his friends gift copies of a book authored by himself or to have it offered to the reading public. And he will feel richly rewarded if his books arouses public interest and earns wide acclaim.
It is the greatest joy of life for one to spend his leisure time reading in quiet surroundings. On the eve of the fall of the “Gang of Four”, I used to go to Longhua Park every day for a reading session, seeking shelter from a sea of frosty looks and hostile stares in a world of my own. That will forever remain an unforgettable experience of my life.Books are sunlight and air, rain and dew. I can’t imagine what would become of the world without books.
要点：
1，“…是最好的酬谢”或“…是人生最有味的享受”均采取了it作形式主语的句式，
将重心移到了句子的尾部，这也是我们处理“事实+评论”的句子时最常使用的手法，如”西方列强发现使中国接受不平等条约是轻而易举的“译为The western power found it was easy to force China to accept the unequal treaty.
2,”海洋般的“译为a sea of ,此处of 理解为同位语关系，比如an angle of a
child(一个天使般的孩子)
3，“每天到龙华公园读书“译为used to go to Longhua Park every day for a reading session，其中session(本意为”阶段，环节“在此处表示”从事某项活动的一段
时间“，这种译法跳出了常规，显得别具一格~
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7、… is now confronted with a … section of its course、…现在正遭遇进程上的 一段… 8、… , however, can only be shared by …而…，只有…样的人才可体会到 9、 The present … crisis can never obstacle the advance of …目前的…危机绝 不会阻碍…的进步 10、 Let us pace up our spirits and march through ...让我们鼓起雄健的精神 (1) 1、The greatest joy of …, is to … during its most difficult days、在最艰难的日 子里…，亦是最大的乐趣 12、 Grow restless 变得焦躁不安 Beg to differ 恕不同意/持反对意见 13、 Dash here and there in search of …跑来跑去的寻找 14、 He is going to … so that he could …他决定…以便… 15、… is not groundless because ……并非空害怕/没依据，因为… 16、 Keep moving around in a hurry 慌慌张张地走/跑
《英译现代散文选》读书报告
《英译现代散文选》读书报告 正如张培基先生所说，“散文最真实，最笃诚，不雕饰，不做作，因而是一种最易令人感到亲切的文体”，散文“形散神不散”，句式灵活多变、逻辑性不强。因其“率真”的特点，在翻译成英文过程中不仅要考虑恰当词的选择，而且要照顾的中文字里行间所表达的意义，乃至篇章的布局和风格。在翻译成英文前，正确的理解中文所要表达的意思至关重要。这样才能做到“忠实于原作的内容，保持原作的风格”，在次基础上，还要考虑表达是否通顺，能否被读者接受。翻译不仅仅是语言的对等，文化内涵上也要对等，让读者读起来就像读原作一样的感觉。通读张培基先生的《英译现代散文选》(一)能深刻体会到“忠实、通顺”这四字翻译标准。 一、在短语和词的处理上 李大钊的《艰难的国运与雄健的国民》一文，意在说明历史发展的必然规律，表达了中国革命者的乐观精神。其题目翻译为“National Crisis Vs Heroic Nation”，national 和nation 押头韵，有一种音韵美，读起来朗朗上口，铿锵有力，让读者感受到革命势不可挡的气魄。翻译没按字面直译，而是对汉语的精神的提炼，做到了忠实于原文，可谓是升华与再创造。文章中“要知在艰难的国运中建造国家，亦是人生最有趣味的事”，译文“The greatest joy of life, mind you, is to build up our country during its most difficult days. 此句中“在艰难的国运中”强调时间——这段艰难的日子。故不能按照译题目的思路来翻译此处。 在“艰难险阻的境界”、“曲折回环，极其险峻”、“有时是崎岖险路”、“一段崎岖险阻的道路”中，都表达了危险的意思，但是翻译成英文究竟该用哪个“形容危险”的词，是和汉语表意的侧重点分不开的。第一段中的“艰难险阻的境界”侧重说明这段道路有困难和阻碍，故将“险”省去不译。“曲折回环，极其险峻”是在说水流曲折与猛劲的险，而perilous强调即刻临头的危险，用perilous形容更能体现水流之猛，画面感很强。“有时是崎岖险路”是指征人所走过的路中的一种情况，hazardous可以形容造成损失或严重伤害的时机或场合，故这里比dangerous 更恰当。最后一个为了避免重复译为dangerous 也是必要的。在充分理解文章的基础上，做到了忠实于原文，选择恰当的英语词汇，也符合英语表达习惯。做到这些都是基于对中文和英文的深刻理解。 对于一些汉语中特有的词汇，如《差不多先生传》中“差不多先生”译为“Mr. About-the-Same”可谓是一种再创造。“钱铺”译为money shop而不是private bank，确切的表达了原文的意思。《背影》中的“茶房”，汉语中指旅馆轮船等内的服务员，根据语境的不同，翻译的也不一样。文中出现两处“茶房”分别译为了a hotel waiter和train attendants. 汉语表意灵活多变，因此同样的词或短语在不同的位置，侧重表意不同，功能不同，其翻译所选的词也不同。
张培基英译现代散文选1
张培基英译现代散文选1 1. Phrasal Expression & Words … amid(st) thunderous applause a bare subsistence A be characteristic of B = B be characterized by A A bend in a river / mountain A blind alley A brass drum 小铜鼓 A bygone age a clot of blood A cobbled path A confused mass of … A faint scent of A forgone conclusion 预料中的必然结局 A hired hand on contract A jumble of … 一大堆 A keen sense of A long-timer of Beijing A loose community of smaller family A man of profound learning A mere drop in the ocean A niche in the temple of fame A passing glance A philosophical approach to life a positive outcome A scene of poetic charm A sensation of blissfulness A speck of mud A ston e’s throw A trace / shade / tint/ sprinkle of … A Treasury of Best Chinese Prose 古文观止 A vast tract of land A virtuous man / a man of supreme virtue / moral integrity A widening expanse of water abandon … to fate Ache/agonize with pain Adjoining room admire sb for sth affected 做作 aim high amiable by nature Amuse one self by… = do … for fun Amusing episode an enlightened king An odd-jobber An opportune moment 合适时机 Ancestral home Approach senility aptly 恰如其分地 Art troupe 文工团 At a stretch/sitting At one ’s command at the present moment Avaricious desires 贪念 Bark up the wrong tree 攻击错了目标 bashful Bask in the sunshine Be ablaze/aglow with light be advanced in years be an encumbrance to … Be beset/troubled with/by Be blurred by … Be bogged down = be trapped Be bound up with …密切关联 be central/indispensable to sb. Be cooped up = be caged be deeply grieved to learn of … be distinguished by Be engrossed in … Be exquisite and nicely arranged be forever cherished / treasured Be hale and hearty Be havened from be humanly impossible Be imprinted/carved/engraved/ingrained on/upon … be in a fix Be instrumental in Be interwoven with 交织着 be irrelevant / foreign to Be keenly aware of be keyed up 紧张 Be led by the nose be of southern breed Be off and on be on an equal footing with … Be on the lips of … Be on the minds of.. be out to do … be overgrown with wild woods be packed with … Be plagued = annoyed = upset Be possessed Be possessed of be reconciled to … be reduced to be saddled with be sent to gallows Be short of/devoid of Be shrouded in = be covered in = be enveloped in Be sloppy in thinking Be strewn/covered/festooned with … Be stumped by = baffled Be tantamount to …= equal Be tinted / colored by … Be troubled / seized with … Be tucked away in … Be weaned 断奶 Be weighed down/ troubled with be wet with perspiration/… Be wide of / far from the mark 离谱 Be wild with excitement / joy Be worthy of … 无愧于 Beam = a big smile on face Bear a thin coating of … begin by degrees 逐渐开始 Beguile = while / idle / fritter away Bibliomania bicker Birds of a feather flock together Blackout: (战时)灯火管制 Blurt 脱口而出 bookish / pedantic / impractical view Border sth on the west boudoir 闺房 Bountiful free gifts Bow down to Brazenly claim / credit 厚颜无耻邀功 Break into uncontrolled sobs Brilliant talent burst with vitality Bury the hatchet Button up clothes By dint of 凭借 Capon Carcass: slaughtered animal for food Cavernous mouth Chant ancient Chinese books 诵读古籍 chicken-and-egg 因果难断的 Chit chat Click away the seconds Come dimly into sight Come out exceedingly well Come to pass 出现，发生 Come up against Come upon a windfall Come/be of age Confirmed = habitual Confirmed = habitual Congenial disposition 天性 convulsive sob cool one ’s heel Cordially
2016翻译硕士复习资料：英译中国现代散文选(2)
2016翻译硕士复习资料：英译中国现代散文选（2） 螃蟹 老螃蟹觉得不安了，觉得全身太硬了(1)，自己知道要蜕壳(2)了。 他跑来跑去的寻。他想寻一个窟穴，躲了身子，将石子堵了穴口，隐隐的蜕壳。他知道外面蜕壳(3)是危险的。身子还软(4)，要被别的螃蟹吃去的。这并非空害怕，他实在亲眼见过。 他慌慌张张的走。 旁边的螃蟹(5)问他说：“老兄，你何以这般慌?” 他说：“我要蜕壳了。” “就在这里蜕不是很好么?我还要帮你呢。” “那可太怕人了。” “你不怕窟穴里的别的东西，却怕我们同种么?” “我不是怕同种。” “那是怕什么呢?” “就怕你要吃掉我(6)。” The Crab An old crab grew restless. Finding himself stiff all over, he knew it was time for him to moult his shell. He dashed here and there in search of a cave to hide. He was going to block up the mouth of cave so that he could moult in secret. He knew it would be very dangerous to shed his shell in the open because, with his new shell still being soft, he might be eaten up by other crabs. This fear was not groundless for he himself had really seen it happen to other moulting crabs. The old crab kept moving about in a hurry. A nearby crab asked, “Hey, brother, what’s the rush?” “I am going to moult,” answered the old crab. “Wouldn’t it be all right to moult right here? I could help you out with it.” “How horrible that would be!” “You mean while you’ll not scared of other things in the cave you’re scared of your own kind?” “No, I’m not scared of my own kind.” “Then what are you scared of?” “Nothing but being eaten up by you.” 注释: 《螃蟹》是近年发现的鲁迅佚文。文章发表于1919年8月间，时值五四运动方兴未艾，作者通过寓言故事，提醒人们新生事物往往有被旧事物消灭于萌芽状态的危险。 (1)“觉得全身太硬了”译为Finding himself stiff al over，其中all over 意即“全身”或“浑身”，作状语短语用。如逐字译为finding his whole body stiff并无不可，但语言稍欠地道。
张培基散文翻译语言点精要
张培基散文翻译语言点精要 1. It is sometimes beset with…有时候会有…的境遇/会有…相伴 2. Nothing short of a…can help…唯有...才能/全靠…才能够 3. rolling on non-stop for thousands upon thousands of miles一泻千里 4. Fare likewise.正如这样 5. Now…, now….有时…，有时… 6. Better able to generate in oneself a sensation of…更能让人产生一种…之感 7.…is now confronted with a…section of its course……现在正遭遇进程上的一段… 8.…, however, can only be shared by…而…,只有…样的人才可体会到 9.Thepresent…criscanneverobstacletheadvanceof…目前的…危机绝不会阻碍…的进步。 1 0." Let us brace up our spirit and march through…让我们鼓起雄健的精神… 1 1." The greatest joy of…, is to…during its most difficult days.在最艰难的日子里…，亦是最大的乐趣。 1 2." Grow restless变得焦躁不安Beg to differ恕不同意/持反对意见 1 3." Dash here and there in search o f…跑来跑去的寻找 1
张培基英译现代散文选1
1 张培基英译现代散文选1 1. Phrasal Expression & Words … amid(st) thunderous applause a bare subsistence A be characteristic of B = B be characterized by A A bend in a river / mountain A blind alley A brass drum 小铜鼓 A bygone age a clot of blood A cobbled path A confused mass of … A faint scent of A forgone conclusion 预料中的必然结局 A hired hand on contract A jumble of … 一大堆 A keen sense of A long-timer of Beijing A loose community of smaller family A man of profound learning A mere drop in the ocean A niche in the temple of fame A passing glance A philosophical approach to life a positive outcome A scene of poetic charm A sensation of blissfulness A speck of mud A ston e’s throw A trace / shade / tint/ sprinkle of … A Treasury of Best Chinese Prose 古文观止 A vast tract of land A virtuous man / a man of supreme virtue / moral integrity A widening expanse of water abandon … to fate Ache/agonize with pain Adjoining room admire sb for sth affected 做作 aim high amiable by nature Amuse one self by… = do … for fun Amusing episode an enlightened king An odd-jobber An opportune moment 合适时机 Ancestral home Approach senility aptly 恰如其分地 Art troupe 文工团 At a stretch/sitting At one ’s command at the present moment Avaricious desires 贪念 Bark up the wrong tree 攻击错了目标 bashful Bask in the sunshine Be ablaze/aglow with light be advanced in years be an encumbrance to … Be beset/troubled with/by Be blurred by … Be bogged down = be trapped Be bound up with …密切关联 be central/indispensable to sb. Be cooped up = be caged be deeply grieved to learn of … be distinguished by Be engrossed in … Be exquisite and nicely arranged be forever cherished / treasured Be hale and hearty Be havened from be humanly impossible Be imprinted/carved/engraved/ingrained on/upon … be in a fix Be instrumental in Be interwoven with 交织着 be irrelevant / foreign to Be keenly aware of be keyed up 紧张 Be led by the nose be of southern breed Be off and on be on an equal footing with … Be on the lips of … Be on the minds of.. be out to do … be overgrown with wild woods be packed with … Be plagued = annoyed = upset Be possessed Be possessed of be reconciled to … be reduced to be saddled with be sent to gallows Be short of/devoid of Be shrouded in = be covered in = be enveloped in Be sloppy in thinking Be strewn/covered/festooned with … Be stumped by = baffled Be tantamount to …= equal Be tinted / colored by … Be troubled / seized with … Be tucked away in … Be weaned 断奶 Be weighed down/ troubled with be wet with perspiration/… Be wide of / far from the mark 离谱 Be wild with excitement / joy Be worthy of … 无愧于 Beam = a big smile on face Bear a thin coating of … begin by degrees 逐渐开始 Beguile = while / idle / fritter away Bibliomania bicker Birds of a feather flock together Blackout: (战时)灯火管制 Blurt 脱口而出 bookish / pedantic / impractical view Border sth on the west boudoir 闺房 Bountiful free gifts Bow down to Brazenly claim / credit 厚颜无耻邀功 Break into uncontrolled sobs Brilliant talent burst with vitality Bury the hatchet Button up clothes By dint of 凭借 Capon Carcass: slaughtered animal for food Cavernous mouth Chant ancient Chinese books 诵读古籍 chicken-and-egg 因果难断的 Chit chat Click away the seconds Come dimly into sight Come out exceedingly well Come to pass 出现，发生 Come up against Come upon a windfall Come/be of age
2016翻译硕士复习资料：英译中国现代散文选(33)
2016翻译硕士复习资料：英译中国现代散文选（33） 母亲的回忆 朱德 得到母亲去世的消息，我很悲痛。我爱我母亲，特别是她勤劳一生，很多事情是值得我永远回忆的。 我家是佃农，祖籍广东韶关籍人，在“湖广填四川” (1)时迁移四川仪陇县马鞍场。世代为地主耕种，家境是贫苦的(2)，和我们来往的朋友也都是老老实实的贫苦农民。 母亲一共生了十三个儿女，因为家境贫穷，无法全部养活，只留下八个，以后再生下的被迫溺死了。这在母亲心里是多么悲痛、悲哀和无可奈何的事啊!母亲把八个孩子一手养大成人。可是她的时间大半给家务和耕种占去了，没法多照顾孩子，只好让孩子们在地里爬着。 母亲是个“好劳动” (3)。从我能记忆时起，总是天不亮就起床。全家二十口人，妇女轮班煮饭，轮到就煮一年。母亲把饭煮了，还要种田种菜，喂猪养蚕，纺棉花。因为她身材高大结实，还能挑水挑粪。 母亲这样地整日劳碌着，我们到四五岁时就很自然地在旁边帮她的忙，到八九岁时就不单能挑能背，还会种地了。记得那时我从学堂回家，母亲总在灶上汗流满面地烧饭，我就悄悄把书本一放，挑水或放牛去了。有的季节里，我上午读书下午种地，一到农忙便整月停在地里跟着母亲劳动。这个时期母亲教给我许多生产知识。 佃农家庭的生活自然是很苦的。可是由于母亲的聪明能干，却很舒服。我们把桐子榨油来点灯。吃的是豌豆饭，菜花，红薯饭，杂粮饭，把菜籽榨出的油放在饭里做调料，这种地主富人家看也不看的饭食，母亲却能做得使一家吃起来有滋味。赶上丰年，才能缝上一些新衣服，衣服也是自己生产出来的。母亲亲手纺出线，请人织成布，染了颜色，我们叫做“家织布”，有铜钱那样厚，一套衣服老大穿过了，老二老三接下来穿还穿不烂(4)。 劳动的家庭是有规律有组织的。我的祖父是一个中国标本式的农民，到了八九十岁还非耕田不可，不耕田就会害病，直到临死前不久还在地里劳动。祖母是家庭的组织者，一切生产事务由她管理分派。每年除夕，分派好一年的工作以后，天还没亮，母亲就第一个起床烧火做饭去了，接着听见祖父起来的声音，接着大家都离开床铺，喂猪的喂养猪，砍柴的砍柴，挑水的挑水。母亲在家庭里极能够任劳任怨，她和蔼的性格使她从来没有打骂过我们上次，而且也没有和任何人炒过架(5)。因此,虽在这样的大家庭里，长幼叔伯妯娌相处都很和睦。母亲同情贫苦的人——这是她朴素的阶级意识——虽然自己不富裕，还周济和照顾比自己更穷的亲戚(6)。她自己是很节省的。父亲有时吸点大烟，喝点酒，母亲管束着我们，不允许我们沾染上一点。母亲那种劳动简朴的习惯，母亲那种宽厚仁慈的态度，至今还在我心中留有深刻的印象。 但是灾难不因为中国农民的和平就不能降临到他们的身上。庚子(一九○○)后前后，四川连年旱灾，很多农民饥饿破产。农民不得不成群结队去“吃大户”。我亲眼见到六七百著得破破烂烂的农民和他们的妻子儿女，被所谓“官兵”一阵