infinitive 不定式
Non-restrictive Verbs
Ex. 1 Multiple choice
1.The teachers don’t know ______ to start and run a school.
a. what it takes
b. what they take
c. what does it take
d. what takes
2.I’m glad ___________you. Good-bye.
a. meet
b. to meet
c. to have met
d. meeting
3.Sometimes ______ to place physics and chemistry into separate catergories.
a. that is difficult
b. is difficult
c. it is difficult
d. that it is difficult
4.They seem ______ much progress in their English study.
a. to make
b. to have made
c. making
d. make
5.It is rude __________ that on such a formal occasion.
a. for him to say
b. of his saying
c. of him to say
d. that he says
6.His refusal ____________ was totally beyond our expectation.
a. of helping us
b. helping us
c. of help up
d. to help us
7.To some extent future scientific discoveries will ______ possible the lengthening of the
human life.
a. be made
b. make it
c. make
d. be made it
8.Their little bit of land doesn’t provide enough food _______.
a. to live on
b. to live
c. to live in
d. to live up
9.Her failure _________ to college disappointed her parents.
a. of being admitted
b. to be admitted
c. being admitted
d. admitted
10.We didn’t expect you ___________ for us here.
a. to be waiting
b. to wait
c. waiting
d. waited
11.X-rays are able to pass through objects and thus make _________ details that are
otherwise impossible.
a. it visible
b. them visible
c. visibly
d. visible
12.I got out some more chairs for the other students __________.
a. to sit
b. to sit on
c. to sit in
d. sit
13.The ship was believed ____________ by Japanese planes.
a. to have destroyed
b. to be destroyed
c. to have been destroyed
d. destroyed
14._______ any aspect of society, the sociologist must determine the laws influencing human
behavior in social contexts.
a. To explain
b. Explain
c. One explains
d. The explanation of
15.John is fortunate ____________ a scholarship.
a. to have given
b. to be given
c. to have been given
d. to be giving
16.If he is not willing to be with you, why __________ someone else?
a. not to ask
b. not ask
c. not asking
d. not asked
17.He had his son __________ the violin three hours a day.
a. play
b. to play
c. played
d. playing
18.He asked __________ to work in mountain areas.
a. to send
b. to be sent
c. sending
d. send
19.The magazine is interesting ______________.
a. to read
b. to be read
c. read
d. reading
20.In the course of a day students do far more than just ________ classes.
a. attend
b. to attend
c. attending
d. attended
21.Jim left his home town after he graduated from high school, never __________.
a. return
b. to return
c. returning
d. returned
22.Is ________ necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab?
a. everyone
b. this
c. here
d. it
23.I have at least five letters __________ today.
a. to answer
b. to be answered
c. answer
d. answering
24.He was so hospitable ____________ all of us.
a. to please
b. pleasing
c. as to please
d. that pleased
25.All our attempt _________ the child from drowning were in vain.
a. to rescue
b. being rescued
c. rescue
d. having rescued
26.This letter needs ____________ immediately. Will you take care of it?
a. to be sent
b. to send
c. sent
d. being sent
27.They would rather die than ___________ to the enemy.
a. to surrender
b. surrender
c. surrendering
d. surrendered
28.In face of such a complicated situation, he didn’t know what _______.
a. doing
b. to do it
c. to do
d. done
29.Don’t all of us want __________ by other people?
a. to be loved
b. to love
c. being loved
d. loved
30.He has no alternative but ________ for his sister for help.
a. ask
b. asking
c. asked
d. to ask
31.On Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market, ________ some bananas and
visited her cousin.
a. bought
b. buying
c. buying
d. buy
32.We will have to get the Dean ________ this form.
a. signing
b. sign
c. signed
d. to sign
33.My sister’s professor had her ________ her paper many times before allowing her to
present it to the committee.
a. rewritten
b. to rewrite
c. rewrite
d. rewriting
34.It is necessary for us ___________ of our shortcomings.
a. to remind
b. to be reminded
c. reminding
d. reminded
35.As for this traffic accident, I think the driver was _________.
a. to blame
b. to be blamed
c. blaming
d. blamed
36.The police were tracking the criminal who was said __________ in a nearby wood.
a. to hide
b. to be hiding
c. hidden
d. have hidden
37.All too often, women complain that they are educated as equals, only ________ out into
the workforce to be treated as inferiors.
a. to go
b. going
c. go
d. to have gone
38.He prefers to stay here ___________ go home.
a. than to
b. rather than
c. rather than to
d. than
39.For the government, the challenge ____________ the reform to the end.u
a. is carry out
b. is to carrying out
c. is to carry out
d. is for carrying out
40.The only thing he could do under the circumstances was ___________ with the reality.
Ex. 1:
1-10: A C C B C D C A B A 11-20: DC C A 15B/C 16B A B A A
21-30: B D A C A A B C A D 31-40: A D C B A B A B C B
高中英语动词不定式用法大全
高中英语动词不定式用法大全(名师总结必考语法知识点，值得下载) 英语动词的非谓语形式为三种：动词不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化。 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to 不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 To say is to believe.眼见为实。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to pla nt trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介
词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语：（在形式上，位于系动词后的就是表语。从含义上讲，表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。） 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例： I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Don’t forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?明天和我们一
动词不定式作主语的三种方式
动词不定式作主语的三种方式 I 不定式作主语通常位于句首。如： ①To see is to believe．百闻不如一见。 ②To get up early is necessary．早起是必要的。 II 把引导词it放在句首作形式主语，而把真正的主语———动词不定式（短语）放在后面。如： ①It's not easy to work out the problem．计算出这道题不容易。 ②It is interesting to play with snow in winter．冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。 it作形式主语时，有三种情况： 1）常用形容词作它的表语。真正主语不定式通常有逻辑主语，一般用for短语来表示，即for sb．to do sth．（其中sb．就是to do的逻辑主语）。如： It's important for us to keep the water clean．保持水质清洁对我们来说是很重要的。 ［注意］for不能用of来代替，因为不能说：Y ou are important． 当表语形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时，则不用for，而用of（sb．to do sth．）。如： It's very kind of you to say so．你这样说真是太好了。 （可以说：Y ou are very kind．） 2）有时也接名词作表语。如： It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship．乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很有趣。 3）it作形式主语时，还常用于“It takes（took ／will take）sb．some time（money）to do sth．”句型中。如： ①It took me more than an hour to do my homework yesterday evening．昨天晚上我做作业用了一个多小时。 ②It will take us a long time to walk there．步行去那儿要花费我们很长时间。 III．动词不定式与疑问词how，what，when，where，which等连用构成不定式短语，也可作主语。如： ①How to use the computer is the question．如何使用计算机是个问题。 ②Where to go has not been decided．去哪儿还没有定下来。 【巩固练习】选择正确答案填空。 1．It's important you walk after supper． A．of；to B．for；of C．to；to D．for；to 2．It's very kind you help me． A．to；of B．of；to C．for；to D．to；to 3．To make friends with them nice． A．is B．are C．be D．does 4． the meeting has not been discussed yet． A．Why to hold B．Where to C．When to hold D．Which to （Keys：1—4 DBAC）
不定式用法详解
不定式用法详解 定义：在句子中充当除了谓语以外的各种句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。 非谓语动词有三种：不定式，动名词，分词。 注：非谓语动词具有时态和语态的变化，可以同否定词not连用，构成否定形式，可以带宾语，状语，补语。非谓语动词的名词，形容词，副词的特征；可用在句中做主语，宾语，补语，状语，和定语等。 —不定式（原形动词前加to, 构成动词不定式。不定式不做谓语，属于非谓语动词） 不定式的时态，语态 一般式：不定式所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作或状态同时发生或几乎同时发生或存在。但多数情况下是在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生。 e.g :They often watch us play football. (同时) She hopes to go there again. (之后发生) 完成式：不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示动作或状态之前。 e.g : I’m glad to have seen your mother yesterday 注：1）用在intended, expected, meant, hoped. promised, wanted, planned. wished. thought, desired, was, were等后，表示过去没有实现的愿望，期待或计划的等，也用来表示先于谓语动词发生的动作或状态。 e.g: He wanted to have met (=had wanted to meet) you at the airport,but he didn’t get there in time. 他原想去机场接你（事情已经发生），但他没及时赶到那儿。（没接成） e.g: We planned to have done (had planned to do) good deeds for the poor people last month. 我们原计划上个月为贫困的人们作些好事。（没作成）。
动词不定式用法大全
动词不定式用法大全 英语动词的非谓语形式为三种：动词不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化。 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to 不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 To say is to believe.眼见为实。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语：（在形式上，位于系动词后的就是表语。从含义上讲，表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。） 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例： I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Don’t forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?明天和我们一
非谓语动词之动词不定式(to do)的用法
非谓语动词之动词不定式（to do）的用法 非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要形式有：不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。 1.“to do”动词不定式的变形 2.动词不定式的用法 （1）充当主语（一般会用it 当形式主语） To swim here is dangerous. = It is dangerous to swim here. To pass this English exam is unlikely. = （2）充当表语（多数情况下，可以转换成动词不定式做主语） My job is to help with your English learning. To help with your English learning is my job. （3）充当宾语（只能做某些动词的宾语，一般不做介词的宾语；有时用“it”做形式宾语） I decided to attend this meeting last night. I find it necessary to learn a foreign language. 注意：当以下动词欲接动词作宾语时，只能跟不定式作宾语。 decide, determine, learn, wish, hope agree, plan, pretend, dare, refuse, fail prepare, try, manage, help, promise offer, beg, demand, afford, arrange, be supposed
（4）充当宾语补足语 I persuaded him to make a speech in public. 注意：在感官动词／使役动词／help后（see, hear, watch, notice, make, have, let后不定式做宾补时，可省略“to”） I saw them have a disagreement on who should sweep the floor. （我看到了 他们争论的整个过程） 但，感官动词后面也可接Ving形式，表示正在进行。 I saw them arguing about who should sweep the floor. （我看到他们正在 争论谁该扫地，并不一定看到了整个过程） （5）充当状语（目的，原因，结果状语，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致） I wrote him a letter to further explain this matter. （目的状语） I’m sorry to bother you.（原因状语） He queued for hours at the box office only to find that the show was sold out. （结果状语，only + to find/realize/discover表示出乎意料的结果）（6）充当定语（不定式作定语，要放在所修饰的词的后面） I have a lot of dishes to wash. Do you have anything to say? There are 3 questions to answer. （7）一些固定句型中不定式省略“to” had better would rather do… than do… why not do “except/but” 有“do” 无“to”，有”to”无“do” have nothing to do but do… do everything but/except have no choice but to want nothing but/except to （8）当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列（and/or/than）时，通常只保留第一个不定式的“to”. He told me to stay there and wait for him. It’s easier to persuade people than force them. To try and fail is better than not to try at all. （否定式中“to”不能省略）
动词不定式用法讲解·优选.
动词不定式的用法讲解 一、动词不定式： 构成：to + 动词原形（to只是不定式符号，没有意义） 动词不定式作主语较长时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末。 1.It + is/was+形容词+(for sb.) +动词不定式 To learn English well is useful. = It’s useful to learn English well.学好英语是有用的。 To protect environment is important for us. = It’s impor tant for us to protect environment.对于我们来说保护环境是很重要的。 2. It is / was + kind / good/ nice/ clever + of sb. + 动词不定式 It’s very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。 It’s very clever of you to do like that. 你那样做真的太聪明啦。 3. It takes ( took , will take ) sb. some time to do something. (做某事花费某人…时间) 4.It is a good idea to do sth. 作宾语 1.常见的跟不定式作宾语的动词有： want to do sth. decide to do sth. hope to do sth. plan to do sth. offer to do sth. agree to do sth. learn to do sth try to do sth prefer to do sth promise to do sth. need to do sth. expect to do sth. 2. 主语+ find / think + it +形容词+ (for sb.) + to do I find it easy to read English every day. 我发现每天读英语和容易的。 He felt it hard to sleep.他觉得很难入睡。 I think it very interesting to learn English. 我认为学英语很有趣。 We found it impossible to cross the river. 我们发现过河是不可能的。 3.特殊疑问词+动词不定式作宾语 Can you tell me how to get to the post office? I didn’t know what to do next.
动词不定式的基本用法
动词不定式的基本用法 一、概述 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，它能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。其形式如下：（主动形式） ◆一般式（not）to do 一般现在时表示的动词有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。 He seems to know this. 我希望再见到你。_____________________________________________________ ◆完成式（not）to have done 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 He seems to have caught a cold. 很抱歉给你带来这么多的麻烦。____________________________________________ ◆进行式（not）to be doing 进行时：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eating something. 他假装在学习。_______________________________________________________________ 二、动词不定式的语法功能 （一）作宾语 1) 动词+ 不定式 The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。 ____________________________________________________________________ ★常用的动词有afford, aim, appear, agree, arrange, ask, decide, bother, care, choose, come, dare, demand, desire, determine, expect, hope, fail, happen, help, learn, long（渴望）, mean, manage, offer, ought, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, tend, wish… 2）动词+疑问词+ to Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。
动词不定式的用法荟萃
动词不定式的用法荟萃 不定式在句子中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补语。 1)不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。 【例如】 To complete the 30storied building in one year was quite a difficult task. To do that implies taking responsibility. 当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到 谓语的后面。 【例如】 It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages. It做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中： a) It is＋形容词(easy, important, difficult, foolish,
inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong...)＋( for/of sb.)＋ 不定式 【例如】 It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve. hard to put my hopessintoswords. It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only. It is important for us young people to learn English and master it. b) It is＋名词(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, one’s du ty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job...) ＋不定式 It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash. It is a pity to have to go without her. It is a glorious death to die for the people.
不定式用法讲解
高中英语语法讲解不定式 （The Infinitive） 定义：动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保持动词的特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语。 E.g. He want his students to read the book aloud. A． 1 2 不定式的意义 不定式的一般式(to do ) 一般式表示的动作或状态，发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态的同时或之后My wish is to become a doctor He seemed to be tired. She stopped to have a rest. 不定式的被动式 (to be done) 当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般要用被动式. The building to be finished next month is for our teachers. I am going to Beijing, I have something to take to my parents, do you have something to be taken to your parents? 如果谓语表示的动作(情况)发生时, 不定式表示动作正在进行,这时候不定式就要用进行式.（to be doing） They are said to be building another bridge across the street. They seemed to be talking about something important. When I went to his home, he happened to be traveling around the world. I’m glad to be working with you. 如果不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示动作或状态之前，就用完成式 (to have done) ；若是在此基础上的被动含义，就用完成被动式( to have been done). He is said to have written a novel about the Long March. He thought it a pity not to have invited us. The assistant seemed to have been fired. He is said to have been taught French when he was a child. Einstein is said to have built up his theory when he was in his twenties. 如果不定式的动作是在谓语所表示的时间之前一直在进行的动作，就要用完成进行式. They are said to have been collecting folk song in Xinjiang. We’re happy to have been working with the experts all the month.
动词不定式用法及练习题-L105
动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy.学好英语不容易。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s g ood for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语： 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car.他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals.我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor.她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,start,
动词不定式的形式
一、动词不定式的形式 1. 动词不定式各种形式有：一般式、完成式、不定式的进行式、不定式的完成进行式、 不定式一般式和完成式的被动语态。 以下几种情况用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义： a. 在某些静态形容词后作状语的不定式：如 easy ， hard ， difficult ， tiresome ，good ， heavy ， interesting 等。 b. 当不定式的动作与所修饰的名词是逻辑上的动宾关系时，可以用主动表示被动。 c. 在too … to 或 enough to 结构中，不定式主动表被动。 2. 不定式的否定式 不定式的否定形式是在不定式前加否定词 not 或 never 等。 3. 不定式短语 a. 疑问词 + 不定式 在 tell ， show ， teach ， find out ， decide ， discuss ， learn ， ask ， advise ，remember ， know 等动词后常用“疑问词 + 不定式”这一结构作其定语。 b. of/ for sb to do 当不定式作主语时，可以有自己的逻辑主语，指明动作的执行者。常常使用 for 来引出不定式的逻辑主语，但当和不定式搭配的形容词是表示主语的品行、性格特征和行为表现时，需要用 of 来代替 for ，引出其逻辑主语。 使用 of 的此类形容词有： kind ， foolish ， stupid ， wise ， nice ， clever ，silly ， rude ， careless ， thoughtful 等。 二、动词不定式充当各种句子成分的具体用法。 动词不定式可以充当除谓语之外的任外的任何句子成分。 1. 不定式作主语
动词不定式用法讲解
动词不定式用法讲解 1、构成及特征 动词不定式(infinitive)是动词的一种非限定形式，即非谓语动词形式，它有两种形式：一种是“to + 动词原形”构成（to- infinitive）；另一种是不带to的不定式,即动词原形(bare- infinitive)。所有行为动词都有不定式形式，其否定式是在不定式前加not。动词不定式（或不定式短语）没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍保留有动词的特点：（1）可以有时式和语态的变化，也可以有自己的宾语或状语，它们一起构成了不定式短语。He tried to work out the problem in five minutes.他试图在五分钟之内算出这道题。（带宾语和状语） The factory to be built here next year is a car factory.明年在这里建的工厂是一家汽车制造厂。（有语态的变化） （2）动词不定式还具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、补语、定语、状语等成分。 He wants to study English.他想学英语。（to study English在句中作want的宾语，而to study又有自己的宾语English, to study和English一起构成了不定式短语。）Never to offend anyone is his principle.不得罪人是他的原则。（不定式作主语） 注意：不定式在许多场合具有情态意义。作主语时，相当于一个带有情态动词的主语从句；作宾语时，相当于一个带有情态动词的宾语从句；作定语时，相当于一个带有情态动词的定语从句；作目的状语时，相当于so that 或in order that引导的目的状语从句。 It is right for her to say so.(= It is right that she should say so.)她这样说是对的。 He has a lot of work to do.(=…that he should do)他有很多工作要做。 I don’t know where to get the ticket.(= …where I could get the ticket.)我不知道哪
详解动词不定式的五种
详解动词不定式的五种“式” 不定式根据其发生的时间不同以及所处的状语的不同，可以有一般式、完成式、进行式、完成进行式，同时根据它与逻辑主语的关系的不同，可以有主动式和被动式。如下表： 一、不定式一般式的用法 1. 表示未发生的动作 即表示发生在谓语动作之后的动作。如： I expect him to arrive tomorrow. 我预计他明天到达。 I hope to catch an early train. 我希望赶上早班火车。 The doctor advised me to take a complete rest. 医生建议我完全休息。 2. 表示同时发生的动作 即表示与谓语动作同时发生或略先于谓语动作的动作。如： Who heard him say that? 是谁听到他这样说的？(say与heard几乎同时发生) I?m sorry to hear that. 听到这事我很难过。(to hear 略先于am sorry) 3. 表示一般情况 即看不出动作的先后关系，而是表示一种情况或现象。如： Washing the car seems to be your main hobby. 擦洗汽车似乎是你的主要爱好。 None of her many lovers seemed to want to marry her. 在她的许多情人中似乎没有一个愿意娶她的。 二、不定式进行式的用法 1. 表示同时进行
即表示与谓语动作同时发生且正在进行的动作。如： He seems to be following us. 他似乎在跟着我们。 He pretended to be looking for a book. 他假装在找书。 I happened to be looking out of the window when they arrived. 他们到达时我碰巧正向窗外望去。 2. 表示将来 正如可用进行时态表示将来意义一样，不定式的进行式有时也可表示将来。如：You are lucky to be going by air. 你挺幸运的，能乘飞机走。 He was happy to be coming home. 就要回家了他感到高兴。 I happened to be going that way. 我恰好也是到那里去。 I promised to be waiting at the door when he came out. 我答应在门口一直 等到他出来。 3. 表示一般情况 即看不出动作的先后关系，而是表示一种情况或现象。如： I noticed that he seemed to be smoking a lot. 我发现他似乎烟瘾很大。 Just to be doing something was a help. 做点事是有益处的。 You are too young to be meeting young men. 你太小，不能交男朋友。 三、不定式完成式的用法 1. 表示比谓语动作更早的动作 即不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。如： I hate to have quarreled with her. 我后悔和她吵架了。 They are said to have left London. 据说他们已经离开伦敦。 I happened to have driven that kind of car before. 碰巧我过去曾开过那种汽车。 I?m sorry to have given you so much trouble. 对不起给了你这么多麻烦。 2. 表示比某特定时间更早的动作 即表示在某个特定的时间之前已完成的动作。如： I hope to have finished the work by now. 我希望现在以前已完成这项工作。
(完整版)动词不定式的用法总结
动词不定式的用法总结 动词不定式在中学英语中应用非常广泛，一方面在句中可起名词、形容词或副词的作用，同时也可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。接下来为大家提供了以下：动词不定式的用法总结一 动词不定式的形式一般是to +动词原形，但to有时要省去。 而动词不定式在具体运用时用不用to，取决于谓语动词的用法。 现就以下几方面介绍如下。 一、不定式结构 1. 带to的不定式结构 能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有：want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop, go, come等。 如： I want to go to the movies with you. 我想跟你一起去看电影。 Don’t forget to turn off the light before you leave. 在你离开之前别忘了关灯。 注意：动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not，即not to do sth.。
如： Dave told me not to wake up Kate. 大卫告诉我别叫醒凯特。 2. 不带to的不定式结构 以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式： (1)在固定词组had better之后。 注意：had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。 如： You had better go home now. 你最好现在回家。 It’s cold outside. You’d better not go out. 外面很冷，你最好不要出去。 (2)在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后，要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 如： I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn’t see you come in. 我没看见你进来。 (3)在引导疑问句的why not之后。 Why not+不带to的不定式是Why don’t you do的省
动词不定式作状语
动词不定式作状语 不定式作状语可以表示行为的目的、结果、原因等。(to do/ not to do) 1.表示目的 To save the child, he laid down his life. 注意：有时为了强调或突出这种目的，也可以用in order (not) to do,和so as (not) to do结构（so as to do不可以置于句首）。 He shouted and waved in order to be noticed. In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved I'll write down his telephone number so as not to forget it. 2.表示结果 He got to the station only to find the train had gone. He got to the station only to be told the train had gone. We came home to find our garden neat and tidy.我们回到家里发现花园整整齐齐。 He hurried to the house only to find that it was empty.他急忙赶到那所房子，却发现空无一人。 He survived the crash only to die in the desert.飞机坠毁时他幸免于难，后来却死在沙漠里。 After the meeting, they parted, never to see each other again. He went abroad, never to be heard from. 不定式表示结果常见于下列句型。 1）so ... as to do Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle I’m not so simple as to think it will be easy.我决不至于笨得以为那是容易的事。 The house is so high and narrow as to resemble a tower.这房子又高又窄，像一座塔。 2）such ... as to do We are not such fools as to believe him. He spoke in such a manner as to offend them.他用这种方式讲话，以致冒犯了他们。 It was such aloud noise as to wake everybody in the house.声音这么大，房子里的每个人都给吵醒了。3）enough to do He didn't run fast enough to catch the train. The patient is well enough to sit up in bed now.病人现在已能在床上坐起来了。 He’s big enough to go out without his parents.他已长大，不用父母陪着出门了。 4）only to do He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet. 他搬起石头砸自己的脚。 5）too ... to do His eyesight is too poor to read such small letters. It is too soon for me to say whether the scheme will succeed or not.现在说计划能否成功还为时过早。As a conductor he is too experienced to mind what the critics say.他是一位经验非常丰富的指挥家，根本不会在乎评论家的意见。 注意：too...to...结构中的形容词如果是eager, pleased, happy, ready,willing,anxious等，动词不定式不表结果，也没有否定的意思。 I’m only too glad to stay at home.我太想留在家里啦。(too修饰glad to stay at home) I’m just too anxious to help you.我正是想帮助你哩。(too修饰anxious to help you) You are too ready to find faults in other people.你就爱找别人的岔儿。 The boy was too eager to get a geography book. He is too anxious to know the examination results. 3.表示原因 I was a fool not to listen to you at that time. She wept to find him in such a difficult situation. I’m glad to see you. 练习题 1. ---Where did he go? ---He went to another store ________(buy) pencils. 2. I was surprised _________(watch) him eat so quickly. 3. _________(realise) our wishes, we must try our best to work well. 4. He is _____ honest a man _____ a lie. A. so; to tell B. too; to tell C. very; to tell D. such; that tell 5. I ran too fast _____ where I was going. A. to notice B. for me to notice C. to notice for me D. and notice 6. Would you be _____ to show me the way to the City Hall? A. good enough B. good enough as C. so good D. as good as 7. The man will do everything he can ________(buy) a camera for his wife. 8. Tom kept quiet about the accident ________ lose his job. A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to 9. --- Did that book give the information you needed? --- Yes, but ______, we had to read it almost entirely. A. for finding it B. to find it C. finding it D. by finding it 10. I intended _____________ (discuss)the matter with you, but I had some guests hen. 11. The worker is ______ in repairing the machine to notice my coming. A. too busy B. enough busy C. busy too D. busy enough 12. Grace advised us to withdraw ______. A. so as to get not involved B. so as not to get involved C. so that to get not involved D. as not to get involved 13. He ran all the way up to the station ______ that the train had left fifteen minutes before. A. in order to find B. so as to find C. only to find D. such as to find 14. I had intended ___________ (visit) him while he was living at Aberdeen. 15. Despite the earnest efforts of various private groups as well as government agencies, many of the probl ems have not yet been solved, and much remains to ______. A. have been done B. be done C. have done D. do