最全面人教版八年级下册英语第五单元知识点归纳总结

Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?

一、词汇与短语

◆重点单词

A部分

1．rainstorm 暴风雨n.2．window 窗；窗户n.

3．alarm 闹钟n.4．flashlight 手电筒；火炬n. 5．suddenly 突然；忽然adv.6．match 火柴n.

7．strange 奇特的；奇怪的adj.8．against 倚；碰；撞prep. 9．storm 暴风雨n.10．asleep 睡着adj.

11．begin 开始v.12．rise 升起；增加；提高v.&n. 13．heavily 在很大程度上；大量地adv.14．fallen 倒下的；落下的adj. 15．wind 风n.16．apart 分离；分开adv. 17．light 光；光线；光亮n.18．icy 覆盖着冰的；冰冷的adj. 19．report 报道；公布v.&n.20．kid 开玩笑；欺骗v.

21．area 地域；地区n.22．beat 敲打；打败v.

23．wood 木；木头n.

B部分

1．realize 理解；领会；认识到v.2．recently 不久前；最近adv. 3．passage 章节；段落n.4．terrorist 恐怖主义者；恐怖分子n. 5．pupil 小学生n.6．date 日期；日子n. 7．completely 彻底地；完全地adv.8．tower 塔；塔楼n.

9．shocked 惊愕的；受震惊的adj.10．truth 实情；事实n. 11．silence 沉默；缄默；无声n.

◆重点短语

A部分

1．pick up ( = pick up the phone) 接电话2．have a look 看一看

3．die down逐渐变弱；逐渐消失4．at the bus stop 在公交车站5．go off (闹钟)发出响声6．wait for 等待

7．go to work 去上班8．rain heavily 下大雨

9．see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事10．begin to do sth. 开始做某事11．take a shower 洗淋浴12．at that time 在那时

13．so many times 这么多次14．feel like 感觉像

15．need help with sth. 需要……(方面)帮助16．make sure 确保

17．with no light outside 外面没有灯光18．help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事19．put……over……把……覆盖在……上20．make dinner 做晚饭

21．put sth. on the table 把某物放在桌子上22．play a card game 玩纸牌游戏

23．beat heavily against the windows 猛烈地敲打着窗户24．get to the place of the accident 到达事故发生地

25．have fun 玩得愉快26．wake up 醒来；叫醒

27．at first 起初；起先28．in times of difficulty 在困难时29．fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着30．right away 立刻；马上

31．go outside with sb. 和某人一起出去32．in the library 在图书馆33．find sth. in a mess 发现……一片狼藉34．on the street 在大街上35．break sth. apart 把某物折断(或分开)

B部分

1．in silence 沉默；无声2．in history 在历史上

3．take down 拆除；往下拽；记录4．remember doing sth. 记得做过某事5．make one's way 前往；费力地前进6．look out of the window 向窗外看

7．the school basketball competition 学校篮球比赛8．have meaning to sb.

对某人来说有意义

9．walk by 从旁边经过10．point sth. out to sb. 向某人指岀某物11．by the side of the road 在路边12．go away 离开

13．at the event 在这次活动中14．as well 也

15．be late for 迟到16．call out the winner 宣布获胜者17．on this day 在这一天18．10 minutes ago 十分钟前

19．on April 4 在四月四日20．be completely shocked 完全震惊了21．an important event 一次重要的事件22．the rest of 其余的

23．on the radio 在收音机上

◆重点句子

A部分

1．What were people doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm?

昨天暴风雨来临时人们正在干什么？

2．when the rain storm suddenly came, what were you doing?

当暴风雨突然来临时，你正在做什么？

3．So while you were sleeping, I called Jenny and she helped me.

因此在你睡觉的时候，我打电话给珍妮，她帮了我。

4．After dinner, they tried to play a card game, but it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside. 晚饭后，他们原本想打一下牌，但外面的暴风雨太大了，太难有心情打牌了。

5．When you called, I was taking a shower.当你打电话时，我正在洗淋浴。

6．With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 外面没有灯光，就像午夜一样。

B部分

1．I was so scared that I could hardly think clearly after that.

我是如此害怕，以至于我几乎不能清楚地想起那之后的事。

2．We were eating dinner in the kitchen when we heard the news on the radio.

当我们在收音机上听到这个消息的时候，我们正在厨房吃晚饭。

3．I had trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid.

我难以清楚地想起那之后的事，因为我很害怕。

4．My parents were completely shocked! 我的父母完全震惊了！

5．But when I pointed it out to my friend, it went away.

但当我向朋友指出它时，它消失了。

6．While my brother was laughing, the television news reported that other people had seen the light as well. 当我哥哥在笑的时候，电视新闻报道说其他人也看到了那道光亮。

◆重点单词变形

A部分

1．sudden(形容词)—suddenly(副词)2．go—went (过去式)

3．begin-—began(过去式)—beginning(现在分词)4．heavy (形容词)—heavily (副词) 5．strange (形容词)—stranger (名词)6．wind (名词)—windy (形容词) 7．sleep (名词)—asleep/sleepy (形容词)8．match—matches (复数) 9．beat—beat (过去式)10．rise—rose (过去式)

11．ice (名词)—icy (形容词)12．kid—kidding (现在分词) 13．fall—fell (过去式)—fallen (过去分词)

B部分

1．recent (形容词)—recently (副词)2．take—took (过去式)

3．silent (形容词)—silence (名词)4．make—made (过去式)

5．complete (形容词)—completely (副词)6．realize—realized (过去式)

7．true(形容词)—truly(副词)—truth(名词)8．shock (动词)—shocked(形容词)

二、语法知识点

A部分知识点

1．过去进行时

❶去进行时的构成及用法

过去进行时由“助动词(was/were)+动词-ing”构成，表示在过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外，一般用过去的时间状语来表示。如：then, at that time, at this time yesterday, at 10:00 yesterday morning, all right以及when/while从句等。

◆表示过去时间点正在进行的动作。此时常伴明确的过去时间点等。

eg：She was reading a book at this time yesterday.（过去时间点正在进行的动作）昨天这个时候她正在看书。

I was watching TV then. 那时我正在看电视。（过去时间点正在进行的动作）

◆表示过去的某个阶段持续的动作。

eg：She was watching TV when the phone rang.（过去一段时间内持续的动作）她正在看电视，这时电话铃响了。

◆表示这去阶段反复发生的动作，带有褒贬感情色彩。此时常伴有频度副词always等。eg：The girl was always changing her mind.（过去反复发生的动作，带有感情色彩）这个女孩老是改变主意。

◆表示过去动作延迟到以后发生，即用过去进行表过去将来，此类动词是一些位置的变化的词。

eg：He told me that he was going soon.（过去进行表将来）

他告诉我他很快就要走了。

❷过去进行时的结构

①过去进行时的肯定句

句型：主语+be（was/were）+现在分词+其他.

eg：He was strolling around the park at this time yesterday.

昨天这个时候，他正在公园散步。

I was watching TV then. 那时我正在看电视。

She was playing the piano when the bell rang. 当铃声响时，她正在弹钢琴。

When I came home, they were cooking in the kitchen. 当我回家时，他们正在厨房做饭。

②过去进行时的否定句

句型：主语+be（was/were）+not+现在分词+其他.

eg：He wasn’t taking a bath then. 那时他没在洗澡。

I wasn't watching TV at nine o'clock last night. 昨天晚上9点钟，我没在看电视。

He wasn't reading when I came home. 我回家时他没在看书。

When he knocked at the door, we weren't doing our homework.

当他敲门时，我们没在写作业。

They weren't having supper then. 那时他们没在吃晚饭。

③过去进行时的一般疑问句

句型：Be（Was/Were）+主语+现在分词+其他?

肯定回答：Yes,主语+be(was/were).

否定回答：No,主语+be(was/were) not.

eg：－Were you cooking at that time? 那时，你在做饭吗？

－Yes, I were.是的。/No,I weren't. 不，我没有做饭。

－Was he singing then? 那时他正在唱歌吗？

－Yes, he was. 是的。/No,he wasn't. 不，他那时没在唱歌。

－Were you listening to music last night? 昨天晚上你在听音乐吗？

－Yes, I were. 是的。/No,I were not. 不，我没有在听音乐。

④过去进行时的特殊疑问句

句型：疑问词+be（was/were）+主语+现在分词+其他?

eg：What was he doing when I called you? 我给你打电话时他在做什么？

－What was he doing at the time of the fire yesterday? 昨天起火时，他在做什么呢？

－He was studying at the library then? 那时他正在图书馆学习。

－When were you dancing yesterday? 你（们）昨天什么时候在跳舞？

－I was/We were dancing at ten last night. 昨天晚上10点钟我（们）在跳舞。

❸现在分词变化形式（+ing）（直去双少）

注意：以y结尾的动词变为过去分词时，y不变，直接加上-ing。

eg：play→playing study→studying fly→flying

2．at the time of……

at the time of为固定短语，意为“在……时候”。

eg：What were people doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm?

昨天暴风雨时人们在做什么？

He lived at the time of the Second World War. 他生活在第二次世界大战时期。3．begin与start

start与begin表示“开始”时是同义词，二者通常可以互换，其后均既可接动词不定式，也可接v.-ing形式，在意义上无差别。at the beginning of……意为“在……开始”eg：He sat down at the desk and began to write. 他在桌子前坐下就开始写了起来。

She began learning English at the age of 8. 她8岁开始学英语。

❶当start或begin用于进行时态时，其后只能接动词不定式。

eg：They are starting/beginning to learn English.他们开始学英语。

❷当start或begin后面的宾语是表示心理活动的动词，如feel, know, understand等时，其后只能接动词不定式。

eg：She started/began to understand it. 她开始明白这件事。

4．miss的用法

❶ miss作及物动词，意为“没赶上；错过”。

eg：I ran to the bus stop but I still missed the bus.

我跑到公共汽车站，但还是没赶上公共汽车。

Hurry up, or you will miss your train. 快点儿，要不你就赶不上火车了。

She was upset at missing all the excitements. 错过了所有精彩之处，她很失望。

❷ miss作及物动词，意为“想念；思念”。

eg：I miss my family very much. 我非常想念我的家人。

❸ miss作及物动词，意为“缺（课）”。

eg：The boy often missed classes last term. 那个男孩儿上学期经常缺课。

5．when与while作从属连词

when作从属连词，意为“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句，其谓语动词既可以是非延续性动词，也可以是延续性动词；谓语动词表示的动作发生的时间可以与主句谓语动词表示的动作是同时、之前或之后。

while作从属连词，意为“当……的时候，在……期间”，引导时间状语从句，其谓语动词必须为延续性动词。它强调主句的动作在从句动作的过程中发生，或者主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生，且持续时间一般较长。

eg：when the rainstorm suddenly came, what were you doing?

So while you were sleeping, I called Jenny and she helped me.

因此在你睡觉的时候，我打电话给珍妮，她帮了我。

My mother was cooking supper when I got home.

当我到家的时候，我妈妈正在做晚饭。

She began to play the piano when she was five years old.

He stopped his car when he saw me. 当他看到我的时候，他把车停了下来。

He fell asleep while he was listening to music. 他在听音乐时睡着了。

While we were talking, he came in. 我们在谈话时，他进来了。

6．pick up的用法

pick up为“动词+副词”型短语，意为“接电话”，相当于pick up the phone；pick up 还可意为“捡起；接（某人）”。

eg：I called at seven and you didn't pick up. 我7点钟打电话，你没有接。

The phone is ringing. Could you please pick up for me?

电话响了。请你帮我接一下好吗？

My ruler is under your desk. Please pick it up for me.

我的尺子在你的桌子底下。请帮我捡起来。

Can you pick me up at the airport? 你能到机场接我吗？

7．too，also，either与as well

eg：I called again at eight and you didn’t answer then, either.

我8点钟又打电话，你那时也没接。

Mary didn't come to school yesterday, either. 玛丽昨天也没来学校。

She speaks English and she also speaks French. 她说英语，也说法语。

Are you going to work, too? 你也去上班吗？

He has to go as well. 他也得去。

8．light的用法

❶ light作不可数名词，意为“光；光亮；光线”。

eg：With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 外面没有光亮，感觉像是半夜一样。

He read the letter by the light of the candle. 他在烛光下读那封信。

❷ light作形容词，意为“轻的；浅色的”。

eg：Is the box heavy or light? 那个箱子是重的还是轻的？

You look nice in light colors. 你穿浅色很好看。

❸ light(lit/lighted)作动词，意为“点燃；照亮”

eg：I couldn't get the candles to light. 我点不着蜡烛。

9．outside的用法

outside由“out + side”构成，outside可用作形容词，副词，介词和名词。具体如下：❶形容词adj. 外部的，室外的，外面的；外表的

eg：The outside parts of some fruits are not good to eat. 有些水果的外部不好吃。

The outside walls are damp. 外墙潮湿。

❷介词prep.向……外面，在……外面。

eg：Outside the house there was a notice saying “For Sale”.

房子外面有一张告示，上面写着“出售”。

You can park your car outside our house . 你可以把车停在我们家外面。

❹名词n. 外表，外部，外界，外围。

eg：The outside of an orange is bitter, but the inside is sweet.

橘子的外表是苦的，但里面是甜的。

The outside of the house needs painting. 房子的外面需要油漆一下。

❺副词adv“在外面。外面地，向外面”反义词inside意为“在室内，在里面”。

eg：The box was red outside and green inside. 盒子外面是红色的，里面是绿色的。

Listen to music outside. 在外面听音乐

Go outside and see if it's raining. 去外边看看是否在下雨。

❻out of 表示“从……里面岀来”，是介词短语，着重从里到外的动作，在句中运用时，out of后要跟名词，代词等宾语，其反义词是into，多用于一些动词之后。

eg：Don't look out of the window. 别往窗外看。

10．wood的用法

wood作不可数名词，意为“木；木头；木材”。a piece of wood意为“一块木头”。wood 作可数名词，意为“树林”，常用复数形式。

eg：Ben's dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. 本的爸爸正在把几块木板钉在窗户上，而他妈妈正在确认手电筒和收音机都能正常使用。

Her house was made of wood. 她家的房子是木头建的。

He put some wood in the fire. 他往火里添了些木柴。

She is afraid to walk through the woods at night.她害怕晚上经过那片树林。11．make sure的用法

make sure意为“确保;查明"，常用于祈使句中，表示请求或要求对方按照要求做某事，其后可接that引导的宾语从句或of短语。

eg：Make sure (that) you pick us up at five o'clock. 你要确保在5点钟来接我们。

We made sure of our seats for the movie. 我们订好电影院的座位了。

Just make sure you try your best. 只要确保你尽力了就行。

12．beat，hit与strike

beat(beat，beaten) 作不及物动词，意为“敲打；(多次或连续)撞击，拍打；(心脏、脉搏等)跳动”。beat作及物动词，意为“打；敲；打败”。

eg：Ben was helping his mom make dinner When the rain began to beat heavily against windows. 当雨开始猛烈地敲打窗户时，本在帮助妈妈做晚饭。

The rain is beating heavily against the window. 雨在猛击窗户。

Jennifer's heart was beating fast. 珍妮弗的心跳得很快。

Who's beating the drum? 谁在敲鼓?

We beat them by 10:4. 我们以10比4打败了他们。

13．against的用法

against作介词，此处意为“碰；撞；倚；靠”。against作介词，还可意为“反对；违反”。

eg：The rain beat against the car windscreen., 雨打在汽车挡风玻璃上。

Put the piano there, with its back against the wall. 把钢琴放在那里，背靠着墙。

He leaned against the tree.他靠着树。

They are against the plan. 他们反对这个计划。

14．try的用法

try作及物动词，意为“试图；努力”。后面常接名词、代词或动名词。

eg：After dinner, they tried to play a card game, but it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside. 晚饭后，他们原本想打一下牌，但外面的暴风雨太大了，太难有心情打牌了。

I tried calling him, but no one answered. 我试着给他打电话了，但没有人接听。

I’m trying to learn maths well. 我正尽力把数学学好。

◆ try也可用作不及物动词，意为“尝试；努力”。try on“试穿”；try out“试验”。

eg：I don’t think I can do it, but I’ll try. 我认为我不能做这件事,但是我要尝试一下。

◆ try用作名词，意为“尝试”，常用于短语have a try意为“试一试”。

eg：I’m going to have a try. 我打算试一试。

15．fall asleep

fall asleep为固定短语，意为“进入梦乡，睡着。”

eg：He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m.

在大约凌晨3点风正逐渐变弱时他终于睡着了。

She was very tired so she fell asleep soon. 她很累，因此很快就睡着了。

16．die down

die down为固定短语，意为“逐渐变弱；逐渐消失”。

eg：He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m.

在大约凌晨3点风正逐渐变弱时他终于睡着了。

The loud music died down after the police came.

警察来了之后，吵闹的音乐声逐渐变弱了。

Don't worry. The gossip will soon die down. 别担心。流言蜚语不久就会平息。17．wake up

wake up 意为“醒来；睡醒”。wake sb. up意为“把某人弄醒”。wake up是“动词+副词”型短语，后接名词作宾语时，名词可放在wake与up之间或up的后面；后接人称代词作宾语时，应将人称代词放在wake与up之间。

eg：When he woke up, the sun was rising. 当他醒来时，太阳正在升起。

Lucy wakes up at six o 'clock every morning 露西每天早上6点钟醒来。

His mother often wakes him up at 5:00 in the morning.

他妈妈经常早上5点钟把他叫醒。

scientist James White thinks that robots will never be able to wake up and know where they are. 科学家詹姆斯◆怀特认为机器人将永远不能醒来并知道它们在哪里。18．rise与raise

rise (rose，risen)作不及物动词，意为“上升；升起”。

eg

The moon was rising when I went home. 我回家时，月亮正在升起。

Please raise your hands! 请举起手！

raise a flag 升旗raise a stone 搬石头

19．leave的用法

◆ leave及物动词，意为“离开”，强调的是“从原来的地方离开”，leave后可以直接接地点名词作宾语。“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。

◆ leave用作不及物动词时，常与介词for连用，表示“出发去(某地)”，只表示方向，而不涉及到达与否。“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”，地点指目的地。

◆ “leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。

◆ “leave sth +地点”指的是把某物落在某处，切记不能用forget。

eg：Many of the students and villagers never leave the village.

许多学生和村民从未离开过村庄。

When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的？

Next Friday. Alice is leaving for London. 下周五。爱丽丝要去伦敦了。

Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京？

She left her book at home yesterday. 她昨天把书忘在家里了。20．break……apart

break……apart意为“把……打断；把……分开”

eg：Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together. 虽然这场暴风雨破坏了许多东西，但是它把家人和邻居们的距离拉得更近了。

The strong wind broke the branches apart. 强风把树枝折断了。

Rumors broke the two close friends apart. 谣言把两个亲密的朋友分开了。

21．icy的用法

ice作名词“冰”→icy形容词，意为“结满冰的；冰冷的；冷淡的”

eg：The roads were icy because of the heavy snow from the night before?

因为前一天晚上的大雪，道路结冰了？

It’s not easy to walk on the icy roads. 在结满冰的路面上行走不容易。

Because of the icy street, they can’t drive the car. 因为街上结满了冰，他们不能开车。

◆ 英语中，一些与天气有关的名词，加后缀可构成相应的形容词。

frost霜→frosty 结霜的cloud云→cloudy多云的

rain雨→rainy下雨的snow雪→snowy下雪的

wind风→windy有风的sun太阳→sunny晴朗的

B部分知识点

1．make one’s way to

make one’s way to意为“(艰难地)前进，朝……前行”

eg：When the school basketball competition started, Kate was still making her way to school.当学校篮球比赛开始的时候，凯特还在去学校的路上。

We slowly made our way to the mall through the crowd.

我们穿过人群慢慢地向购物中心走去。

有关way的短语：

by the way顺便说一下in a way在某种程度上

lose one's way 迷路in the/one’s way 挡路；妨碍

on the way在路上on one's way to在去……的路上

2．被动语态

被动语态由“be动词+过去分词”构成，如果要特别强调动作或行为的执行者时，句子后面需接“by短语”，译为“被/由……”。其中be动词要根据人称、数和时态发生变化，be动词后的过去分词不变。

eg：On this day, Dr. Martin Luther King was killed. 在这一天，马丁•路德•金博士被杀

A lot of people were killed in the accident. 许多人在事故中丧生了。

The bridge was built last year by workers. 这座桥是去年被工人们修建的。

3．the rest of……

the rest of……意为“剩余的……”。

eg：My parents did not talk after that, and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence.

在那之后，我的父母不再讲话，然后我们默默地吃完剩余的晚饭。

Does anyone want the rest of this pizza? 有人想要这剩余的比萨饼吗？

Tom is from England and the rest of us are from China.

汤姆来自英国，我们其余的人来自中国。

4．in silence

in silence意为“沉默，无声”。

eg：My parents did not talk after that, and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence.

在那之后，我的父母不再讲话，然后我们默默地吃完剩余的晚饭。

The four men sat in silence. 这四个人一声不吭地坐着。

She is eating dinner in silence. 她默默地吃着晚饭。

5．take down

take down意为“拆掉；拆除”。take down还可意为“写下，记下”。与write down同义短语。

eg：More recently, most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was taken down by terrorists. 更近地，大多数美国人都记得当纽约世贸大楼被恐怖分子摧毁时，他们正在做什么。

Could you please help me take down this tent? 你能帮我拆除这顶帐篷吗？

I forgot to take down his telephone number. 我忘了记下他的电话号码了。

6．at first

at first意为“首先；最初”，多用于句首或句末，暗示与后来的情况或动作不同，其反义短语为at last。at the beginning单独使用时与at first同义，意为“起初；开始时”。eg：I didn't believe him at first, but then I looked out of the window and realized that it was true. 起初，我不相信他，但随后我朝窗外看去，才意识到情况确实如此。

The work was hard at first, but I got used to it. 起初这活儿很累，不过后来我习惯了。

At the beginning, I chose a play actors. 开始，我选定了剧本和演员。

At the beginning, we met with great difficulties. 开始，我们遇到了很大的困难。7．realize的用法

realize动词，意为“认识到；了解到”。realize动词，还可意为“实现（梦想、愿望等）”。eg：I didn't believe him at first, but then I looked out of the window and realized that it was true. 起初，我不相信他，但随后我朝窗外看去，才意识到情况确实如此。

He didn't realize his mistake. 他没有认识到自己的错误。

The man laughed when he realized what happened.

当那个人意识到发生了什么时，便笑了起来。

Mike finally realized his dream of being an actor. 迈克当演员的梦想终于实现了。

She realized her ambition of becoming a professional singer.

她实现了成为一名职业歌手的志向。

I'm afraid his dream won't come true easily.我担心他的梦想不容易实现。

His dream finally came true. （√）His dream was finally come true. （×）

8．scared的用法

scared作形容词，意为“害怕的；恐惧的”，常作表语，近义词为afraid。

eg：I was so scared that I could hardly think clearly after that.

我是如此害怕以至于我几乎不能清楚地想起那之后的事。

She is scared of mice. 她害怕老鼠。

I am scared to go out alone at night. 我害怕晚上一个人出去。

9．hardly与hard

eg：I was so scared that I could hardly think clearly after that.

我是如此害怕以至于我几乎不能清楚地想起那之后的事。

It rained very hard yesterday. 昨天雨下得很大。He hardly works.他几乎不工作。

Tom works hard and gets good grades. 汤姆学习努力并且取得了好成绩。

The problem is very hard. 这个问题很难解决。He works hard.他努力工作。

There is hardly any food in the fridge. 冰箱里几乎没有食物了。

There were some very hard questions on the exam paper.试卷中有些很难的问题。10．alone 与only

◆ alone作副词，用在名词或代词之后，意为“只有；仅仅”，相当于only。

eg：September 11, 2001－the date alone means something to most people in the US.

2001年9月11日—对大多数美国人来说，仅仅这个日期就意味着某事。

He alone understands me. 唯有他理解我。

He only has one pen. 他只有一支钢笔。

◆ alone作形容词，意为“独自的；单独的”。表示无人陪伴，只陈述一个客观事实，不带感情色彩，在句中只作表语

eg：He likes living alone. 他喜欢独自生活。

She was alone in the dark room. 她独自一人待在那间黑屋子里。

I want to travel alone. 我想独自去旅行。

◆ lonely作形容词，充当表语，指“孤独的”。用于人时，指一种心理状态，突出内心感到孤独、寂寞。侧重于表示因为缺少同伴的友谊而感到孤独、寂寞。

eg：Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely. 是的，许多老人都很孤独。

He felt very lonely without his friends. 没有了朋友他感到非常孤独。

◆ lonely也可作定语，修饰地点名词，意为“荒凉的，人烟稀少的”

eg：He lives in a lonely village. 他住在一个荒凉的村子里。

11．have trouble (in) doing sth.

have trouble (in) doing sth.为固定短语，意为“做某事有困难或问题；在某方面有困难或问题”。同义短语have difficulty (in) doing sth./have a hard time (in) doing sth./have problems (in) doing sth./have problems with sth.

eg：I had trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid.

我难以清楚地想起那之后的事，因为我很害怕。

Thousands of people have trouble falling asleep. 成千上万的人都有难以入睡的困扰。

He had no trouble finding a job. 他毫不费劲地找到了一份工作。

12．point out

point out 意为“指出”，是“动词+副词”型短语，人称代词作宾语时应放在动词与副词之间。

eg：But when I pointed it out to my friend, it went away.

但当我我向朋友指出它时，它消失了

There is a mistake in this sentence. Can you point it out?

这个句子中有一处错误，你能把它指出来吗？

13．as well与as well as

◆ as well常用作状语, 意为“又；也”，相当于too或also，常位于句末，无须用逗号与句子分开。

eg：While my brother was laughing, the television news reported that other people had seen the light as well. 当我哥哥在笑的时候，电视新闻报道说其他人也看到了光。

I am going to London and my sister is going as well（＝going, too）.

我要到伦敦去, 我妹妹也要去。

I not only play the guitar, I sing as well（＝I also sing）.

我不但弹吉他, 而且还演唱。

◆ as well 在口语中也可用于句中，意为“也好，也行”或“倒不如”，用来缓和语气。eg：You may as well go. 你去也好。

◆ as well as常用来连接两个并列的成分，意为“也，还”，它强调的是前一项，后一项只是顺便提及。因此连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前一项一致；而用not only ...but also...连接时，谓语动词与后一项一致。

eg：Your wife as well as you is friendly to me. 不仅你而且你的妻子也对我很友好。

＝Not only you but also your wife is friendly to me.

Electric energy can be changed into light energy as well as into sound energy.

电能既可以被转变成声能, 又可以被转变成光能。

◆ as well as 用来表示同级比较, 指“一样好”。

eg：You look as well as you did ten years ago. 你的身体看起来还和十年前一样好。

He plays the guitar as well as you. 他的吉他弹得和你一样好。

人教版八年级下册英语Unit5知识点总结

Unit5 知识点 Section A 1a—2d 1. 暴风雨来临时at the time of the rainstorm 2、在公交车站at the bus stop 3. 等公交车wait for the bus 4. 忙于做某事be busy doing sth. 5. 忙于某事be busy with sth. 6.（闹钟）发出响声go off 7. 醒来晚了wake(woke) up late 8. 洗热水澡take a hot shower 9. 开始下大雨begin (began) to rain heavily 10. 雨/雪下的大rain/ snow heavily/ hard 11.跑向公交车站run to the bus stop 12. 发现某人正在做某事see sb. doing 13. 接电话pick up=answer the phone 14. 在厨房in the kitchen 15. 在那时at that time 16. 这么多次so many times 1. 当暴风雨来的时候人们正在做什么？ What were people doing at the time of the rainstorm? 2. 当暴雨来的时候那个女孩正在写作业。 The girl was doing her homework when the rainstorm came. 3. 我是如此忙着找雨伞以至于没有看到一辆车过来了。 I was so busy looking for the umbrella that I didn’t see a car coming. 4. 我的闹钟没有响，因此我醒来晚了。 My alarm didn’t go off so I woke up late. 5. 当开始下大雨时我正在等公交车。 I was waiting for the bus when it began to rain heavily. 6. 我跑向车站但我仍然错过了公交车。 I ran to the bus stop but I still miss the bus. 7.昨天晚上七点钟我在厨房帮我妈妈。 I was helping my mom in the kitchen at seven last night. 8. 当你打电话时我正在洗澡。 When you called, I was taking a shower. 9. 当你在睡觉时，我给詹妮打了电话，她帮助了我。 While you were sleeping, I called Jenny and she helped me. 3a-4c 1. 狂风strong wing 2.感觉像；想要feel like (doing) 3. 一块木头a piece of wood 4. 确保make sure 5. 首先at first 6. 入睡fall asleep 7. 逐渐变弱die down 8. 醒来wake up 9. 一团糟in a mess 10. 在困难时期in times of difficulty 11.听收音机listen to the radio 12. 立刻，马上right away/ at once 13. 看一看have a look14. 事故地点the place of the accident 15. 因为，由于because of 1. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 外面没有光亮，感觉就像黑夜一样 2. It was hard for them to have fun with a serious storm happening outside. 外面的暴风雨太大了，他们很难玩的开心。 3. Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. Ben的爸爸正在把木片挡在窗户上，同时他的妈妈在确认手电筒和收音机都能正常使用。4. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. 当雨水开始重重地敲打窗户时，本正帮着妈妈做晚饭。 5. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around three a.m. 大约在凌晨三点风逐渐减弱的时候，他总算睡着了。 6. Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together. 尽管暴风雨毁坏了许多东西，但它使家庭和邻里之间的关系更近了。 7. How can we help each other in times of difficulty? 在困难时期我们怎样互相帮助？ 8. 当我正在做我的早餐的时候，我的哥哥正在听收音机。 While I was making my breakfast, my brother was listening to the radio. 9. 当我正在吃的时候，广播新闻谈论了一场我们家附近的车祸。 While I was eating, the radio news talked about a car accident near our home. 10. 我哥哥和我立即出门去看了看。 My brother and I went out right away to have a look. 11. 当我们到达事故现场，汽车由于撞到了一棵树而严重变形。 When we got to the place of the accident, the car was in bad shape from hitting a tree. 12. 因为前一晚的大雪，道路结冰了。 The roads were icy because of the heavy snow from the night before. 13.上周日上午九点你在做什么？ What were you doing at nine o’clock last Sunday morning? 14. 你在开玩笑You’re kidding！别自欺欺人了。Don’t kid yourself.

人教版英语八年级下册单元Unit 5 知识点+测试卷+思维导图

Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 1.重点词汇： date, area, storm, wind, light, match, silence, beat, begin, realize, report, rise, strange, asleep, completely, suddenly, heavily, recently... 2. 短语归纳： 1. go off （闹钟）发出响声 2. pick up （=pick up the phone）接电话 3. fall sleep 进入梦乡；睡着 4. die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 5. have a look 看一看 6. make one’s way 前往；费力地前进 7. in silence 沉默；无声 8. take down 拆除；往下拽；记录 9. at first 首先；最初 3. 必背典句： 1. What were you doing at eight last night? 昨晚八点你正在做什么？ 2. He was reading in the library when the rainstorm came. 当暴风雨来临时他正在图书馆里看书。 3. What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping? 当琳达在睡觉的时候杰妮正在做什么？ 4. While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework. 当琳达在睡觉的时候，杰妮正帮助玛丽辅导家庭作业。 4.语法知识： 过去进行时 1. 过去进行时由“was/were+动词-ing”构成，表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。常见的时间状语有：at night yesterday morning, at that time, then, at this time yesterday等。

人教版英语八年级下册第五单元知识点总结

人教版英语八年级下册 Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? https://www.wendangku.net/doc/7019292944.html,eful expressions. 1.at the time of ... 在...的时候 2.wait for the bus at the bus stop 在公交车站等车 3.go off 发出响声 4.take a hot shower洗热水澡 5. begin to rain heavily 开始下大雨 6.miss the bus误了车 7.pick up接电话8.bring people closer致使人们更紧密 9. strong winds 强风10.black clouds 黑云 11.a heavy rainstorm 一阵强风暴雨12. put pieces of wood over the windows 将木头板覆盖在窗户上13. make sure确保14.beat heavily agianst the windows猛烈的敲击着窗户15.play a card game玩纸牌16. at first刚开始 17. fall asleep入睡18.die down 逐渐消失 19.wake up醒来20.find the neighborhood in a mess发现小区一团遭21. fallen trees倒树22. broken windows破窗户 23.join sb加入某人24. break ...apart 使..支离破碎 25.help each other 彼此相互帮助26. in times of difficulty :在困难时期 27.take the car to the car wash送车去洗28.listen to the radio 听收音机 29.a car accident车事故30. the place of the accident事故发生地 31.have a look (at...)看32.be in bad shape形状不佳 33.the heavy snow 大雪34.Are you kidding? 你开玩笑了？ 35. by the side of the road在马路边上36. walk by路过 37.make one way (to...)前往... 38. the news of important events重大事件的洗牌39. in history 在历史上40.on this day在这一天 41. over 50超过50岁42. a school pupil 小学生 43.at that time在那时44.hear the news on the radio在收音机上收听消息45.be completely shocked完全被震惊了46.the rest of剩余的... 47. in silence 安静地48.be taken down by terrorists被恐怖分子摧毁49.have meaning to sb 对某人有意义50.remember doing sth记得做过了某事 51.look out of 向外面看去52.be shocked to do sth 做某事感到震惊 53.tell the truth 讲实话54.not everyone 并非每个人

人教版八年级下册英语Unit5知识点总结

Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? Section A 1.过去进行时 (1)用法 ①过去某个时间正在发生的动作 He was cooking at six last night. 昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭。 ②过去某段时间正在发生的动作 I was staying here from March to May last year. 去年从3月到5月，我一直呆在这里。 (2)与过去进行时连用时间状语，at nine last night/at that time=then/at this time yesterday/或有when the teacher came in/ while he was reading的提示 (3) 构成：was\were +现在分词 (4) 四个基本句型 肯定句He was cooking at six last night. 否定句He was not cooking at six last night. 一般疑问句Was he cooking at six last night? 回答Yes, he was. /No, he wasn’t. 特殊疑问句What was he doing at six last night? (5) 过去进行时的固定句型 Jim was reading when the teacher came in. 当老师进来的时候，吉姆正在读书。 Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV. 在凯特正在看电视的同时，吉姆正在读书。 Jim came in while Kate was watching TV. 在凯特正在看电视的时候，吉姆进来了。

人教版八年级英语下册 Unit 5 知识点

What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 一．重点词汇 1.Rainstorm n. 暴风雨 [拓展] downpour 倾盆大雨thunderstorm 雷阵雨shower 阵雨drizzle 毛毛雨2.Alarm n. 警报；警报器；闹钟 Set the alarm for + 时间点设几点的闹钟 例如：I set the alarm for 7 o’clock. 我设了7点钟的闹钟。 3.Go off (闹钟)发出响声 [go off的其他含义] go off 离开 例如: He went off early this morning. 他今天早上早早地离开了。 go off (食物，饮料)变质，变坏 例如：The milk in the fridge goes off. 冰箱里的牛奶变质了。 go off (电灯)熄灭；(电)中断 例如：Suddenly, the lights go off. 灯突然灭了。 4.Begin v. 开始；同义词为：start [常见短语搭配] to begin with 首先，起初

begin with 以...开始 begin to do sth = begin doing sth 开始做某事 at the beginning of 在...的开端 begin的过去式为：began; 过去分词为：begun 5.Heavily adv. 在很大程度上；大量地；沉重地；沉闷地该词可表示“雨雪”下得很大。 例如：In summer, it often rains heavily with strong wind in Southern China. 夏天，中国南方经常下大雨，刮强风。 6.Suddenly adv. 突然；忽然= of a sudden sudden adj. 突然的；意外的 7.Pick up 接电话= Pick up the phone=answer the phone [拓展延伸]pick up 的其他含义 Pick up 捡起，拾起 You should pick up the paper on the floor. 你应该捡起地上的纸。 Pick up 整理；收拾 Let’s pick up the living room. 让我们收拾下客厅吧。 Pick up 搭载；开车接某人 Can you come and pick me up at the airport? 你能来机场接下我吗？

人教版英语八年级下册第五单元知识点总结

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also， too， as well与either都可以表示“也”，但是用法不同。 also放在句中行为动词前，be动词、助动词和情态动词之后。He also wants to go. too用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面用逗号隔开。He wants to go，either. as well用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面不用逗号隔开。He wants to go as well. either用于否定句句末。He doesn’t want to go either 5. With no light outside， it felt like midnight. （P. 35） （1） with这里用作介词，表示伴随状况，意为“由于、因为”。 With John away，there’s more room in the house. （2） feel like表示“感觉像、感觉好似” The interview only took ten minutes， but it felt like hours. 【拓展】feel like还可以表示“想要”，后接动词时，用doing的形式。 He didn’t feel like going swimming. 6. Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. （P. 35） make sure意为“确保”，后接of短语或者that从句。 I tried to make sure of the problem.